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'(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1,

0. WHEELER, Jr.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 322,226., Patented July 14,1885, I

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0. WHEELER, 'Jr.

STEAM BOILER.

No 322,226. 3Patented July 14,1885.

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N. PETERS. mmm m. Wnhinm 0,8.

' (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3. 0. WHEELER, .Jr. STEAM BOILER.

Patent-ed July 14., 1885.

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746772666636 7 Inn/ 72502 NITED, STATES FEioE.

PATE T STEAM-BOILER.

EwPECIFICA'IfION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,226, dated July14, 1885.

' Application filed June 19, 1884. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OYRENUs WHEELER, J r. a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in the city of Auburn, county of Cayuga, and State ofNew York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, ofwhich the following is a full and exact description, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification;

My improvements are fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings onfive sheets, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of the top of theboi1er,showing the location and relative position of the vertical duesand coal-reservoir. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same through itscenter, showing the location and arrangement of the flues, thecombustion-chamber, and the coal magazine or reservoir. It also showsthe flue-cap over the boiler, the cover to the coal-magazine, thegrates, ashpit, and outside brick-work. Figs. 3 and 4 are modificationsof the boiler shown in'Figs. 1 and 2, which will hereinafter bedescribed. Fig. 5 is a vertical plan view of the flue-cap in an improvedform, and shown in semi-section, so that the same may be readilyexplained; and Fig. 6 illustrates modifications and im provements in theboiler, which will be hereinafter explained. The figure is a verticalsection through center of the cover of the coalmagazine, the flue-cap,and the boiler.

Similar letters refer to similar parts through- 1 out the several views.

' the lower inside ring or flue-sheet, of the boiler.

The object of the improvements in the boiler is to produce therefrom agreater amount of steam from'a's'maller consumption of coal than can besecured from boilers as ordinarily'con} structed; and in the grateimprovements my obj eet is to secure a large amount of gratesurfaeewithin comparatively contracted limits, and to so distribute the coalthereon that combustion will be perfect.

Referring to the drawings, in Figures 1 and 2 A is the outer shell, andB the inner shell, of the boiler. O is the upper flue sheet or head, Dthe lower outside ring or flue-sheet, and E The inner shell, 13, extendsseveral inches below the lower inside flue-sheet, E.

To the inner edge of the flue-sheet E is riveted the upper edge of ashell-piece, a, which magazine for the coal.

* To the outer edge of the flue-sheet E is connected the upper edge ofthe shell-piece b, which extends down far enough below the bottom of Bto form the fire-chamber.

To the inner edgeof the lower outside ring or flue-sheet, D, isconnected the shell-piece c,

which extends down parallel to b, and with sufficient space between themfor water-circa lation, their lower edges being united by a ring. Theouter edge of Dis united to the lower edge of the outer shell, A. Theupper edge of the outer shell, A, is riveted to the outer edge of thefluesheet C and the inner shell, 13, to the inner edge of flue-sheet O.

Two rows of vertical lines or: tubes, d and e, are united to theflue-'sheets'G-and E, and

one row of 1 vertical fiues, f, of larger size, to

the flue-sheets O and D. I

' e On top'of the sheet 0, or head of the boiler, is placed a metal capor ;flue-case,-F, which rests on top of the boiler-head outside of thefines f and inside of the fines d and'a- With this flue-ease F isconnected at short cylinder or ring, 9, "the internal diameter of whichcorresponds with the internal diameter of the shell B,-"aud serves as anextension of that shell,-to increase its capacity as a reservoir or Acover, G, is pivoted to it'*at h, and serves to close the same and giveaccess to it for supplying with coal. The'b'oiler is supported byresting on a metal'plate, i, which rests upon the framework j of theash-pit. p A grate, 7c, is supported by a bar, Z, the ends of which areheld by the frame of the ash-pit. The boiler is placed in brick-work,

so arranged as to give sufficient space, m, outside of the shell A, forthe smoke, which can be made into one or more smoke-fines, as desired,connected with the brick-work under the outer extension, at, of thefluecase F.

The inner walls of B and 9 form the magazine for the coal. The coal, asit descends by gravity from the magazine, spreads out upon thegrate-surface k and against the base of I the shell-piece b forming thesides of the firechamber. Above that part of b where the coal restsagainst it, and between it and a, and below E, is a space which servesas a combustion-chamber, 0. The direction which the products ofcombustion take when the boiler is in operation is clearly shown bythearrows, and is as follows: Entering the fines or tubes (1 e at theirlower ends, they pass up to the chamber 19 formed by thefiue-case F, andthence down through tubes f and up on the outside of sheet A of theboiler in the space m formed by the brick-work, and out through anopening in the brick-work under n.

In the flue-case F may be made an opening connecting with thesmoke-escape, which can be closed by a damper, thus permitting of a"direct draft through the ascending fines, for the purpose of morerapidly kindling the fire when first lighted, but which should be closedwhen the coal is sufficiently ignited.

An openingthrough the boiler into the firechamber, and closed by a door,(not shown in the drawings,) serves to give access to the firechamberwhen necessary.

It will be seen that the fines d and e are smaller than the flues f.While the latter, f, may be three inches in diameter, two inches will besufficient for the diameter of the former, d

and e.

Figs. 3 and 4. of Sheet 2 are a modification of Figs. 1 and 2 of- Sheet1 in respect to the size and arrangement of the vertical fines, and mayby some be preferred. The fines are all of the'same size; and it will beseen that one row or set of fines, 6, Fig. 4, is placed in thedownwardly-projecting portion of the boiler formed by the shellpieces aand g, which are placed farther apart to give room for the fines. Bythis arrangement the fine e is of the same length as fine f on the outerrim of the boiler, and all of the fines are of a uniform size.

The other parts of this boiler and its attachments are, with theexception of a slight modification in the form of the fine-cap or caseF, identical with those of Figs. 1 and 2.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have illustrated still further modifications of myimprovement. I modify and construct the fine-cap F so as to admit of aready means of cleaning the several upright fines. I also insertdeflecting semidiaphragms S and T into the brick-work and across aportion of the outside space, m. I also make use of an adjustablecut-off or damper valve, WV, hinged in an outlet or opening, U of theextension n of the finecap F.

The several outside and inside openings are provided with covers ortraps Q R, fitting into and closing up the openings, as seen in Fig. 6.These covers or traps rest at either end upon the several connecting andsupporting ribs 0 and d of the fiue cap or case F, and are formed into ashell, which is filled with a fire-proof filling similar to that alreadymentioned. They are also provided with handles a Z), by means of whichthey may be removed when it becomes necessary to clean the fiues e andJ.

S and T are plates of metal placed diagonally opposite each other, eachplate occupying one-quarter or more of the plan area of the space m.These plates or se1ni-diaphragms are built intothe brickwork, and extendacross the space on to the shell of the boiler, as seen in Figs. 9 and10. By this arrangement the current of combustible gases, after leavingthe proximate outside fines, is deflected in its upward course andcaused to deviate to either side of the plates in a tortuous trackbefore passing out of the opening U. ther retain the heat abouttheboiler and economize in the combustion of fuel, I hinge across theopening U of the extension n of the fluecase F a valve, WV, providedwith a notched rod for opening or closing the same or retaining the samein any desired position. This prevents, when partially closed, the toofree and rapid escape of the gases of combustion, and insures, inconjunction with the semi-diaphragms S and T, already described, theutmost utilization of combustion and heat and the greatest economy infuel.

Having described the construction. of the several parts of the boiler, Iwill now describe their operation.

The fire being lighted and the internal magazine of the boiler beingfilled with coal,by the force of gravity the coal descends and spreadsout upon the grate-surface. As the consnmp- 'tion of the coal goes onthe supply is kept up by the descending coal in the magazine, thecombustion of the escaping gases being secured by the combustion-chamber0, through which they pass to reach the ascending fines d and e, anddown through the fiuesf, and up outside of the shell A of the boiler, asclearly shown by the arrows. Thus it will be seen that the large amountof surface of the boiler exposed to the products of combustion securesaperfect absorption of all the available heat produced by the fuelconsumed in the fire-chamber.

By the arrangement of the magazine as shown its lower end, thoughextended down into the fire-chamber so as to form between it and theouter walls of the fire-chamber and the fiuesheet E a space for acombustionchamber, is protected by a surrounding space of water, a,which prevents the injurious heating of the lower end of the magazine,as would be the case without the protecting body of water, theover-heating of the coal and production of gases in the magazine withouttheir proper combustion, and at the same time prevents IIO the rapiddestruction oi that part of the magazine exposed to a high heat withoutthe water-protection, as shown.

Having fully described my invention,its construction and operation, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a boiler for generating steam, the combinationof avertical centralcoal-magazine extending down into the fire-chamber and having aprotecting water-space formed in its projecting end, an inner set offines communicating with the fire-chamber'for carrying the pro ducts ofcombustion upward, and an outer set of fines for carrying the samedownward, all arranged within theouter shell of the boiler substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a boiler for generating steam, a vertical central coal-magazineextending down into the fire-chamber and having a protecting water-spaceformed in its projecting end, and with inner flues communicating withthe firechamber, in combination with awater-proe tected fire-chamberformed by the downward extension of the boiler outside the magazine andthe outerflues arrangedinside of the outer shell of the boiler,substantially as set forth.

3. In combination with a vertical central coal-magazine projecting downinto. the firechamber, having its walls protected by a water-space, theseries of vertical flues,arranged substantially as described, wherebythe products of combustion are caused to ascend through the inner set offlues and descend through the outer set of flues, and ascend fromflue-sheet, united at their lower edges so as to form water-spacesaround the coal-magazine and around said fire-chamber, substantially asdescribed.

5. Thecombinaion, in avertical steam-generating boiler, of the flues tocarry the products of combustion upward from the firechamber anddownward inside the outer shell, and the flue-case arranged on top ofthe boiler, having the curved outer wall for deflecting the products ofcombustion downward toward the outer flues, substantially as described.

6. In a boiler for generating steam, the combination of a centralcoal-reservoir, the outer and inner set of flues, and a cap or casearranged over the flues and forming achamber through which the productsof combustion pass from the inner to the outer flues, said cap or casehaving openings overthe flues and removable covers for closing saidopenings, substantially as set forth. a i

In testimony whereof I havehereunto set my hand this 17th day of June,A. D. 1884.

OYRENUS \VHEELER, JR.

Witnesses:

JOHN ,BRAINARD, FRANK R. RATHBUN.

